Anthocyanidin (anthocyanidin) is a water-soluble natural pigment widely found in nature and in plants, and is a flavonoid compound. It is the main coloring substance of plant petals, fruits, vegetables, etc. Its basic structure is 2-phenylbenzopyran. The benzene ring-C3 bridge-benzene ring of the anthocyanin core is a chromophore. The substituted hydroxyl groups at the 4c carbon position of the B ring, the 5 and 7 carbon positions of the A ring and the 3 carbon position of the C ring constitute the auxochrome group of the anthocyanin. Anthocyanins have maximum light absorption in the wavelength range of 465~560nm and 270~280nm, respectively. The R1 and R2 groups of ring B are mainly -H, -OH and -OCH3, and the different substituents determine the type and color of anthocyanins. There are more than 20 kinds of anthocyanins known, and there are 6 common ones in plants, namely geranium pigment (Pg), melanin (Cy), delphinium pigment (Dp), peony pigment (Pn), Bovine Pigment (Pt) and Mallow Pigment (Mv).
In plants, there are few free anthocyanins. Anthocyanins are usually combined with glycosides through the 3 or 5 hydroxyl groups to form bound anthocyanins. The more common glycoside groups are glucose, rhamnose, galactose, and wood. Sugar, arabinose.
In plants, anthocyanins accumulate in vegetative organs, which can protect plants against abiotic and biotic stresses such as ultraviolet rays, pests and diseases, and herbivore eating. Anthocyanins accumulate in seeds and can act as endogenous antioxidants to protect the chemical components inside the seeds and contribute to the dormancy of the seeds. For humans, the antioxidant properties of anthocyanins make it a natural and powerful free radical scavenger, with antioxidants, anti-mutation, prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, protection of the liver, and inhibition of tumor cell generation. Features.
Conventional methods can detect the total amount of anthocyanins by spectrophotometry, but this method is less sensitive and is susceptible to interference from impurities (procyanidins, anthocyanins, etc.) in the sample. Vibrant Biosciences can detect 6 common anthocyanin components in natural samples by HPLC or HPLC-MS/MS, and can also identify the composition of anthocyanins in natural samples by high-resolution mass spectrometry.
AB Sciex TripleTOF® 5600+ High Resolution Mass Spectrometry System
Carotenoids are an important type of natural plant pigments. It mainly includes α-carotene, β-carotene, Lycopene, Lutein, Zeaxanthin, Astaxanthin, etc. . Most carotenoids are C40 molecules consisting of a central polyene chain and functional groups on both sides.
Carotenoids affect the color of the flesh of many fruits and vegetables and are an important factor in the sensory and nutritional quality of the fruit. In plants, it is also an important precursor for the synthesis of abscisic acid, strigolactone and other plant hormones. For humans, it is also an important nutrient, which plays an important role in maintaining the human visual system, enhancing immunity, and removing oxidative free radicals in the body.
Weibari Biotech has established an HPLC method that can simultaneously detect the 7 carotene groups of α/β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, neoxanthin, and astaxanthin in plant tissues Minute.
Carotenoid skeleton structure
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